Iphaneli yeAluminiyam ehlanganisiweyo yabavelisi kunye nababoneleli eChina ukusukela ngo-2002 - iHenglicai ACP
Ulwimi
Iphaneli yeAluminiyam ehlanganisiweyo yabavelisi kunye nababoneleli eChina ukusukela ngo-2002 - iHenglicai ACP
Imibhalo engezantsi yenqaku:
1. Isingeniso kwi-ACM kunye nokubaluleka kwayo kwiMiba enxulumene ne-Asbestos
2. Ukuqonda i-Asbestos: Imbali, ukusetyenziswa, kunye neengozi zempilo
3. I-ACM: Isigama esiPhambili kunye neNkcazo
4. Ukuchonga i-ACM: Iindawo eziqhelekileyo kunye nezinto eziphathekayo
5. Ukujongana ne-ACM: Imimiselo, ukuSuswa, kunye neMiqathango yoKhuseleko
Isingeniso kwi-ACM kunye nokubaluleka kwayo kwiMiba enxulumene ne-Asbestos
I-asbestos kudala ibonwa njengesixhobo esiyingozi ngenxa yokunxibelelana nezifo ezahlukeneyo zokuphefumla, kubandakanya umhlaza wemiphunga kunye ne-mesothelioma. Kumazwe amaninzi aphuhlileyo, imimiselo iye yamiselwa ukulawula iingozi ezinxulumene ne-asbestos-containing materials (ACM). Eli nqaku liza kukhangela intsingiselo ye-ACM, iingozi ze-asbestos, indlela yokuchonga i-ACM, kunye nezikhokelo zolawulo lwayo olufanelekileyo, kubandakanywa neenkqubo zokususa ezikhuselekileyo.
Ukuqonda i-Asbestos: iMbali, ukusetyenziswa, kunye neengozi zempilo
I-Asbestos, i-fiber yeminerali eyenzeka ngokwemvelo, yayisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zokwakha kunye namashishini ahlukeneyo kude kube ngoo-1980. Ukuthandwa kwayo kubangelwa kwiimpawu zayo eziphawulekayo ezifana nokuxhathisa ubushushu, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokukwazi ukugquma. Nangona kunjalo, kamva kwafunyaniswa ukuba ukuchanabeka kwi-asbestos kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzima zempilo, kuquka i-asbestosis kunye neentlobo ezithile zomhlaza.
I-ACM: Isigama esiPhambili kunye neNkcazo
I-ACM, isifinyezo sezinto ezingcolisekileyo ze-asbestos, ibhekisela kuyo nayiphi na into equkethe i-asbestos fibers okanye iye yangcoliswa ngamasuntswana e-asbestos. Ezi zixhobo zibeka umngcipheko omkhulu kwimpilo yabantu ukuba ziphathwa ngendlela engafanelekanga, nakwizinga eliphantsi. Kubalulekile ukuchonga i-ACM ngokuchanekileyo ukunciphisa umngcipheko kunye nokukhusela abasebenzi kunye nabahlali kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo.
Ukuchonga i-ACM: Iindawo eziqhelekileyo kunye nezinto eziphathekayo
I-ACM inokufumaneka kwizakhiwo ezahlukeneyo ezakhiwe ngaphambi kweminyaka yoo-1980, kubandakanywa amakhaya okuhlala, izakhiwo zorhwebo, izikolo, kunye nezibonelelo zoluntu. Izinto eziqulathe i-asbestos zaziqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukugquma, ukufulela, ukubeka phantsi, ukugquma imibhobho, ukugquma okucolekileyo, nakwizixhobo zombane ezifana nee-oveni kunye neziko.
Ukuchonga ubukho be-ACM, kuyacetyiswa ukuba udibane nochwepheshe onokwenza uphando lwe-asbestos. Oku kubandakanya ukuhlola izixhobo zokwakha, ukuthatha iisampulu, nokuzithumela kwiilabhoratri eziqinisekisiweyo ukuze zihlolwe. Uphando olunjalo luyimfuneko ngexesha lokulungiswa okanye ukuchithwa kweeprojekthi, njengoko i-ACM ephazamisayo inokukhulula iifayili ze-asbestos ezinobungozi emoyeni.
Ukujongana ne-ACM: Imimiselo, ukuSuswa, kunye neMiqathango yoKhuseleko
Ukuphatha i-ACM kufuna ukuthobela imimiselo engqongqo kunye nezikhokelo zokhuseleko ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvezwa kwe-asbestos. Imithetho kunye nemimiselo enxulumene ne-ACM iyahluka phakathi kwamazwe, kunye nabanye bayivala ngokuthe ngqo, ngelixa abanye bebeka imimiselo engqongqo ekulawuleni nasekususweni kwayo.
Ngaphambi kokuba nawuphi na umsebenzi obandakanya i-ACM enokuthi iqhutywe, kuyimfuneko ukuchonga zonke iindawo kunye nezinto ezinokuthi ziqulethe i-asbestos, ukuqinisekisa ukuba kuthathwe amanyathelo afanelekileyo. Ukuqeshwa kweengcali eziqeqeshiweyo kunye neekontraka ezinelayisenisi ukuba zihlolwe, zivavanywe, kwaye zisuswe kuyafuneka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthotyelwa kwemimiselo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye nabahlali.
Ukuba i-ACM ithathwa njengento efanelekileyo kwaye ayifaki ingozi ngokukhawuleza, i-encapsulation okanye iindlela zokuvala zingasetyenzwa ukukhusela ukukhutshwa kwe-asbestos fibers. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba izixhobo zonakele okanye zikwimeko ewohlokayo, ukususwa kunokuba yimfuneko ukuphelisa umngcipheko ngokupheleleyo. Ukususwa kwe-asbestos kufuneka kuqhutywe ngononophelo, kulandelwa imigaqo engqongqo, kuquka ukunxiba izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuzikhusela kunye nokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa okufanelekileyo kunye nokulahlwa kwezinto ezinobungozi.
Ukuqukumbela
I-ACM, okanye izinto ezingcolileyo ze-asbestos, yinkxalabo ephawulekayo ngenxa yeengozi zezempilo ezihambelanayo ezibangelwa ukuvezwa kwe-asbestos fibers. Ukuqonda imbali, ukusetyenziswa, kunye nobungozi be-asbestos kubalulekile ekuchongeni nasekulawuleni i-ACM ngokuchanekileyo. Imimiselo, njengaleyo ilawula ukususwa kunye nokuchithwa okufanelekileyo, isendaweni yokukhusela abasebenzi kunye noluntu ngokubanzi kwiingozi ze-ACM. Ngokulandela ezi zikhokelo kunye nokuqashwa kweengcali eziqeqeshiweyo, iingozi ezinxulumene ne-ACM zinokuncitshiswa ngokufanelekileyo.
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