Iphaneli yeAluminiyam ehlanganisiweyo yabavelisi kunye nababoneleli eChina ukusukela ngo-2002 - iHenglicai ACP
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Iphaneli yeAluminiyam ehlanganisiweyo yabavelisi kunye nababoneleli eChina ukusukela ngo-2002 - iHenglicai ACP
Kutheni i-ACM Cladding isetyenzisiwe?
Isihlokwana 1: Isingeniso kwi-ACM Cladding
Isihlokwana sesi-2: Izinto eziluncedo kwi-ACM Cladding
Isihlokwana sesi-3: Ukuqonda iSidingo seMithetho yoKhuseleko loMlilo
Isihlokwana sesi-4: Intlekele yaseGrenfell Tower
Isihlokwana sesi-5: Ukuphonononga kwakhona ukusetyenziswa kwe-ACM Cladding kuLwakhiwo
Isingeniso kwi-ACM Cladding
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukusetyenziswa kwe-Aluminiyam Composite Material (ACM) i-cladding kwi-architecture kunye nokwakhiwa kufumene ukuthandwa okukhulu. I-ACM i-cladding ibhekisela kuhlobo lwenkqubo yokugqoka edibanisa amacwecwe amabini e-aluminium amancinci kunye ne-core non-aluminiyam, ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe nge-polyethylene. Esi sigqubuthelo sikhaphukhaphu, siguquguqukayo, kwaye sithandeka ngobuhle sifumene indawo yayo kwizakhiwo ezingenakubalwa kwihlabathi liphela. Nangona kunjalo, emva kwentlekele yaseGrenfell Tower, kuye kwaphakanyiswa imibuzo malunga nokhuseleko kunye nokufaneleka kokugquma kwe-ACM. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-ACM yokugqoka, iphonononga inzuzo yayo, imimiselo ejikeleze ukhuseleko lomlilo, kwaye iphinda iphonononge indawo yayo ekwakhiweni.
Izinto eziluncedo kwi-ACM Cladding
Ukufakwa kwe-ACM kukubonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi eziye zanegalelo ekusetyenzisweni kwayo ngokubanzi. Okokuqala, indalo yayo ekhaphukhaphu yenza kube lula ukuyifaka kunye nokuphatha, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ixesha lokwakha kunye neendleko. Ukongeza, izinto eziphathekayo ziza ngemibala eyahlukeneyo, ukugqiba, kunye neepateni, ezivumela abayili bezakhiwo kunye nabayili ukuba bazise imibono yabo yokuyila ebomini. Ngenkangeleko yayo ethambileyo kunye neyangoku, i-ACM yokugquma isetyenziselwe ukomeleza umtsalane wobuhle bezakhiwo ezininzi.
Ngaphezu koko, ukugquma kwe-ACM kunika ukuqina okugqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nemozulu. Amaphepha e-aluminium akhusela isakhiwo kwizinto zangaphandle, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhlala ixesha elide. I-core non-aluminiyam inika i-insulation, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokufudumeza kunye nokupholisa kwizakhiwo. Ezi zibonelelo zidibeneyo zenze i-ACM yokugqoka ibe yinto ekhangayo yokukhetha abakhi bezakhiwo, iikontraka, kunye nabanini bezakhiwo.
Ukuqonda iSidingo seMithetho yoKhuseleko loMlilo
Ukhuseleko lomlilo luhlala luyinkxalabo ephambili kwishishini lokwakha. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi xa kufikwa kwizinto zokugquma, apho ukusasazeka komlilo okukhawulezayo kungumngeni omkhulu. Ukusabela kwiziganeko ezidlulileyo, oorhulumente kunye nezigqeba zolawulo baye bazisa imithetho engqongqo yokhuseleko emlilweni kwizinto zokwakha ezifana nokugquma.
Ukuthobela imimiselo yokhuseleko lomlilo, izinto zokugquma kufuneka zibe novavanyo olungqongqo ukuvavanya ukutsha kunye nokuxhathisa umlilo. Olu vavanyo luvavanya izinto ezifana nemithombo yokutshisa, ukusasazeka kwedangatye, kunye nokukhululwa kobushushu kunye nomsi. Ukusebenza kwezinto eziphathekayo kuhlelwe kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kwezi mvavanyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kuphela ezinokusetyenziswa kwizakhiwo.
Intlekele yaseGrenfell Tower
Esinye seziganeko ezibi kakhulu ezibandakanya ukugqunywa kwe-ACM senzeka ngoJuni 14, 2017, eGrenfell Tower eLondon. Kwaqhambuka umlilo kumgangatho wesine waza wanwenwa ngokukhawuleza kuso sonke isakhiwo, wasuba ubomi babantu abangama-72. Uphando lwabonisa kamva ukuba ukusasazeka komlilo okukhawulezayo kwakungenxa ye-ACM yokugqoka esetyenziselwa ngaphandle kwesakhiwo.
Le ntlekele yabangela umsindo woluntu ngokubanzi kunye nokuphononongwa kwakhona okunzulu kwemithetho yokwakha kwihlabathi liphela. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezinokutsha kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo, ngokukodwa iinkqubo zokugquma, kwaba ngumbandela ophikisanayo. Oorhulumente kunye nemibutho elawulayo bajongene noxinzelelo olukhulu lokuphonononga kunye nokuhlaziya imimiselo yokhuseleko lomlilo ukukhusela iziganeko ezifanayo kwixesha elizayo.
Ukuphonononga kwakhona ukusetyenziswa kwe-ACM Cladding kuLwakhiwo
Emva kwentlekele yaseGrenfell Tower, ukusetyenziswa kwe-ACM yokugquma kuyaphononongwa kwihlabathi jikelele. Amazwe amaninzi aye akuvala kwaphela ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezigqumayo ezitshayo okanye, ubuncinci, amisele imithetho engqongqo. Abanini bezakhiwo esele zikhona ezineentsimbi ze-ACM baye bacetyiswa ukuba benze uhlolo lokhuseleko kwaye bathabathe amanyathelo okulungisa okufunekayo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabahlali.
Ishishini lokwakha, abakhi bezakhiwo, kunye namagunya alawulayo baphonononga ngenkuthalo ezinye izinto zokugquma ezibonelela ngokusebenza okuphezulu kokhuseleko lomlilo ngaphandle kokuthomalalisa kwi-aesthetics okanye ezinye izinto eziphathekayo. Olu tshintsho lunokubangela ukwamkelwa kweetekhnoloji ezintsha kunye nezixhobo eziqhuba inguqulelo kushishino lokugquma.
Ukuqukumbela
Ngaphandle kwezibonelelo zayo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-ACM yokugquma kuye kwagxekwa kakhulu kwaye kwajongwa emva kwentlekele yaseGrenfell Tower. Ubume bayo obunokutsha kunye negalelo lokusasazeka komlilo okukhawulezayo kuye kwaphakamisa inkxalabo malunga nokufaneleka kwayo ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo. Ngenxa yoko, oorhulumente ehlabathini lonke baphumeza imithetho engqongqo yokhuseleko lomlilo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kuphinde kuhlolwe ukusetyenziswa kwe-ACM cladding. Ishishini lokwakha ngoku lifuna ezinye izinto ezibonelela ngobuhle obunomtsalane kunye nokusebenza okuqinileyo kokhuseleko lomlilo ukuze kuqinisekiswe impilo-ntle yabantu abahlala kwizakhiwo.
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