Iphaneli yeAluminiyam ehlanganisiweyo yabavelisi kunye nababoneleli eChina ukusukela ngo-2002 - iHenglicai ACP
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Iphaneli yeAluminiyam ehlanganisiweyo yabavelisi kunye nababoneleli eChina ukusukela ngo-2002 - iHenglicai ACP
Uthini Umahluko phakathi kwe-IEEE kunye ne-ACM?
Intshayelelo:
Kwihlabathi letekhnoloji kunye nekhompyuter, imibutho yobuchwephesha idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqhubeleni phambili uphando, ukukhuthaza intsebenziswano, kunye nokukhuthaza ukuqamba izinto ezintsha. Amaqela amabini aziwayo agqamayo kulo mba liZiko leeNjineli zoMbane nezobuNjineli boMbane (IEEE) kunye noMbutho wooMatshini beKhompyutha (ACM). Yomibini le mibutho yenze igalelo elibalulekileyo kumacandelo esayensi yekhompyuter kunye nobunjineli bombane, kodwa yintoni eyahlulayo? Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga umahluko ophambili phakathi kwe-IEEE kunye ne-ACM kwaye sijonge ekugxininiseni kwabo, ubulungu, iimpapasho, iinkomfa, kunye nefuthe kwishishini.
1. Gxininisa:
IEEE:
Iziko leeNjineli zoMbane kunye nezoMbane (IEEE) lijolise ikakhulu kwisicelo kunye nokuqhubela phambili kobunjineli bombane, i-elektroniki, kunye nobuchwepheshe obunxulumeneyo. Ngamalungu angaphezulu kwe-420,000, i-IEEE ithatha izigaba ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa, kubandakanywa kodwa kungaphelelanga kumandla kunye namandla, unxibelelwano, isayensi yekhompyutha, i-robotics, kunye ne-aerospace.
I-ACM:
I-Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) ngumbutho wamazwe ngamazwe obeka ugxininiso olukhulu kwintsimi yesayensi yekhompyutha. I-ACM isebenza njenge-hub yeengcali, abaphandi, kunye nabafundisi kuluntu lwe-computing. Igubungela uluhlu olubanzi lwezihloko, ezinje nge-algorithms, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa, ukusebenzisana kwabantu nekhompyuter, kunye nesayensi yedatha.
2. Ubulungu:
IEEE:
I-IEEE iqhayisa ngobulungu obuninzi behlabathi, kubandakanya iinjineli, izazinzulu, abaphandi, abafundisi kunye nabafundi. Ibandakanya zombini iingcali kwishishini kunye neengcali zemfundo, ukukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi kwezemfundo kunye neshishini. I-IEEE ibonelela ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo obulungu ukulungiselela imvelaphi eyahlukeneyo yobungcali, ukusuka kubafundi ukuya kumalungu aphezulu kunye noogxa.
I-ACM:
Ngokufana ne-IEEE, i-ACM yamkela iingcali, abaphandi, iingcali, kunye nabafundi kuluntu lwayo. Nangona ubulungu bayo bungabanzi njenge-IEEE, i-ACM igxininise kakhulu kwiinkalo zesayensi yekhompyutha kwaye inika ukhetho olukhethekileyo lobulungu kubafundi, iingcali kunye namaziko. I-ACM iququzelela izahluko zengingqi ukuququzelela unxibelelwano kunye nokwabelana ngolwazi phakathi kwamalungu ayo.
3. Ushicilelo:
IEEE:
Elinye lamagalelo abalulekileyo e-IEEE yingqokelela yayo enkulu yoshicilelo lobugcisa. Ngaphezulu kwe-190 yeejenali kunye neemagazini, igubungela uluhlu olubanzi lwezihloko kubunjineli bombane, isayensi yekhompyuter, kunye nemimandla ehambelana nayo. Upapasho lwe-IEEE luyaziwa ngenkqubo yalo engqongqo yokuphonononga oontanga kunye nokuthembeka kwezenzululwazi, okubenza babe yimithombo ethembekileyo yophando lwamva nje kunye nenkqubela phambili.
I-ACM:
I-ACM ipapasha uluhlu lweejenali zobugcisa, iimagazini, kunye neenkqubo zenkomfa ezigubungela iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zekhompyutha. Upapasho lwayo oluphambili, uNxibelelwano lwe-ACM, yimagazini eyaziwayo yenyanga nenyanga enamanqaku ophando oluphambili, iindlela ezisakhulayo, kunye nophuhliso lweshishini. Upapasho lwe-ACM lusebenza njengezixhobo ezixabisekileyo kubaphandi kunye neengcali kwinkalo yesayensi yekhompyutha.
4. IiNkomfa:
IEEE:
I-IEEE iququzelela iinkomfa ezininzi kwihlabathi jikelele, ukulungiselela iindawo ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa kunye nemimandla. Ezi nkomfa zibonelela ngamaqonga abaphandi, iingcali, kunye nabasebenzi bezoshishino ukuba babonise umsebenzi wabo, ukutshintshiselana ngemibono, kunye nothungelwano. Iinkomfa ze-Flagship ezifana neNkomfa yaMazwe ngaMazwe ye-IEEE kuNxibelelwano lweKhompyutha (INFOCOM) kunye neNkomfa yeZizwe ngezizwe ye-IEEE kwiMigodi yeDatha (ICDM) itsala iingcali ezivela kwihlabathi jikelele.
I-ACM:
I-ACM yaziwa kakhulu ngeenkomfa zayo zeflegi ezithi zityhutyhe kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo zekhompyutha. Iinkomfa zayo, ezifana ne-ACM SIGGRAPH (iQela eliNzalo eliKhethekileyo kwi-Computer Graphics kunye ne-Interactive Techniques) kunye ne-ACM CHI (i-Computer-Human Interaction), idibanisa abaphandi, iingcali, kunye neenkokheli zoshishino ukuxoxa ngenkqubela phambili yamva nje kwiinkalo zabo. Iinkomfa ze-ACM zihlala zibonisa uphando olusisiseko kunye nokubonelela ngamathuba okubambisana.
5. Impembelelo yoShishino:
IEEE:
I-IEEE ibe nempembelelo ebalulekileyo kumashishini anxulumene nobunjineli bombane kunye nombane. Imigangatho yayo, efana ne-IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) kunye ne-IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet), ibe sisiseko sothungelwano lonxibelelwano lwehlabathi lonke. Ukubandakanyeka kwe-IEEE ekuqulunqeni imigangatho yobugcisa iqinisekisa ukusebenzisana, ivumela ukusungulwa kwezinto ezintsha, kwaye ikhuthaza ukuthembeka kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa unxibelelwano, iinkqubo zamandla, kunye nombane wabathengi.
I-ACM:
I-ACM idlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuqhubeleni phambili icandelo lesayensi yekhompyuter kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo. Amanyathelo ayo afana ne-ACM Digital Library kunye ne-ACM Turing Award (ethathwa njengeBhaso le-Nobel le-computing) ibe negalelo elikhulu ekukhuleni kweshishini. Ngokuqaphela iminikelo egqwesileyo kunye nokukhuthaza uphando, i-ACM ikhuthaze ukutsha kunye nokubonelela ngesikhokelo kwiingcali kunye nabaphandi kuluntu lwe-computing.
Isiphelo:
Ngelixa zombini i-IEEE kunye ne-ACM zihlonishwa yimibutho yobuchwephesha kwiinkalo zobunjineli bombane, i-electronics, kunye ne-computing, ukugxila kwabo, ubulungu, iimpapasho, iinkomfa, kunye nefuthe leshishini libenza bahluke. I-IEEE ibandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lwezifundo zobugcisa, kunye nesiseko sobulungu esibandakanya imvelaphi eyahlukeneyo yobuchwephesha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-ACM igxininise kakhulu kwisayensi yekhompyutheni kwaye ibonelele ngezibonelelo ezikhethekileyo kumalungu ayo. Yomibini le mibutho yenze igalelo elimangalisayo kumacandelo abo kwaye iyaqhubeka nokuqhuba ukuqhubela phambili kunye nentsebenziswano kwitekhnoloji nakwikhompyuter.
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