Abakhiqizi Nabahlinzeki be-Aluminium Composite Panel e-China kusukela ngo-2002 - Henglicai ACP
Ulimi
Abakhiqizi Nabahlinzeki be-Aluminium Composite Panel e-China kusukela ngo-2002 - Henglicai ACP
I-Asbestos, iqoqo lamaminerali avela ngokwemvelo anezimfanelo ezivelele zokumelana nomlilo, yayisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni nakwezinye izimboni kwaze kwatholakala imiphumela yayo eyingozi empilweni yabantu. Izifo ezihlobene ne-asbestos, njengomdlavuza wamaphaphu kanye ne-mesothelioma, sezibulale inqwaba yabantu, okuholela ekwandeni kokuqwashisa nemithetho eqinile mayelana nokususwa nokuphathwa kwayo. Ngomongo we-asbestos, i-ACM imele i-Asbestos-Containing Material. Kuso sonke lesi sihloko, sizocubungula incazelo ye-ACM, amafomu ayo ahlukahlukene, izingozi ezingaba khona, imithethonqubo ezungezile, nokubaluleka kokuhlolwa kochwepheshe nezinqubo zokususa.
I. Ukuqonda i-ACM: Iyini?
I-Asbestos-Containing Material (ACM) ibhekisela kunoma yimuphi umkhiqizo noma impahla equkethe imicu ye-asbestos. Le micu mincane ngendlela emangalisayo futhi ingaba emoyeni lapho i-ACM ilimele, iphazamiseka, noma iwohloka. Izibonelo ezijwayelekile ze-ACM zifaka izinto zokufakelwa, amathayela osilingi, amathayela we-vinyl floor, izinto zokufulela, nopende abathungiwe. Ngenxa yezingozi zezempilo ezingaba khona ezihlobene ne-asbestos, kubalulekile ukuhlonza nokuphatha i-ACM ngendlela efanele.
II. Amafomu ahlukene we-ACM
I-ACM ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: friable kanye non-friable.
a) I-Friable ACM: I-Friable ACM idilika kalula noma igaywe, ikhiphe imicu ye-asbestos emoyeni. Leli fomu le-ACM libhekwa njengengozi kakhulu njengoba likhipha imicu ephuma emoyeni engadonswa kalula. Izibonelo ze-ACM ezithintekayo zifaka ukufakwa kwepayipi le-asbestos nezinto zokuvikela umlilo ezifuthwe.
b) I-ACM engaxubeki: I-ACM engashisi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ayibhidliki kalula futhi ikhiphe imicu ye-asbestos emoyeni. Imelana kakhulu nomonakalo futhi idinga amandla abalulekile ukuze ibe emoyeni. I-ACM engashisi ingase itholakale emikhiqizweni kasimende, amathayela aphansi, nezinto zokufulela. Nakuba kubeka ubungozi obuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-ACM ephathekayo, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezifanele zokuqapha ngesikhathi sezinqubo zokunakekela noma zokususa.
III. Izingozi ezihlobene ne-ACM
Ukuchayeka ku-ACM kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi yezempilo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lapho imicu ye-asbestos ihogelwa noma imunywa, ingangena emaphashini, ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla, noma kwezinye izicubu, ibangele ukuvuvukala, izibazi, futhi okungase kuholele ekukhuleni kwezimila ezinomdlavuza. Izifo ezinjengomdlavuza wamaphaphu, i-mesothelioma, ne-asbestosis zinezikhathi ezinde ze-latency, ngokuvamile zithatha noma yikuphi kusukela eminyakeni eyi-10 kuye kwengama-50 ukubonisa izimpawu.
IV. Imithetho Nemihlahlandlela Yokuphathwa kwe-ACM
Ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yomphakathi, kuye kwasungulwa imithetho neziqondiso eziningi mayelana nokuphathwa kwe-ACM. Le mithetho iyahluka emazweni onke, kodwa ngokuvamile ihlose ukunciphisa ukuchayeka kwe-asbestos futhi iqinisekise ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele. Isibonelo, e-United States, i-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) kanye ne-Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) basungule imithetho ethile elawula ukuphathwa kwe-asbestos ezimbonini nasezindaweni zokusebenza.
V. Ukubaluleka Kokuhlolwa Kochwepheshe Nokususwa
Lapho usebenzisana ne-ACM esolwayo, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lochwepheshe ukuze wenze izinqubo zokuhlola nokususa. Ochwepheshe be-asbestos abaqeqeshiwe bangakwazi ukuphatha, ukuhlola, kanye nesampula yezinto okusolwa ukuthi ziqukethe i-asbestos. Ukuhlola okufanele kuzonquma ukuthi ingabe okokusebenza kuqukethe i-asbestos nesimo sayo, okuvumela izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokulungiswa noma ukususwa.
Sengiphetha, i-ACM, noma i-Asbestos-Containing Material, ibhekisela kunoma yimuphi umkhiqizo noma impahla equkethe imicu ye-asbestos. Le micu, lapho ikhishelwa emoyeni futhi ihogelwa, ingabangela izinkinga zempilo ezinzima, okuhlanganisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu kanye ne-mesothelioma. Ukuhlonza nokuphatha i-ACM kubalulekile ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yomphakathi. Izinqubo zokuhlola nokususwa kochwepheshe kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi zenziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphathwa ngokuphephile kwezinto ezihlobene ne-asbestos, ukuvikela kokubili abantu kanye nemvelo ezingozini ezingaba khona ezihlobene ne-ACM.
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