Ukuhlaziywa kwethemba lokuthuthukiswa kwamaphaneli e-aluminium honeycomb_

I-HLCALUMINIUMabakhiqizi be-aluminium composite panels

Umbhali?: HLCALUMINUM?–?I-Aluminium Composite Panel Abakhiqizi Nabahlinzeki

Imboni yokucutshungulwa kwamatshe ibilokhu iyibhizinisi elijwayelekile futhi elilula lokucutshungulwa kwemishini iminyaka eminingi. Umgomo wemishini yemishini ulula, ukunemba kwemishini akuphakeme, futhi ukugeleza kwenqubo akukuningi. Kuyibhizinisi elidinga abasebenzi abaningi. . Kodwa-ke, ngokuthuthuka komnotho, ukuvela okungazelelwe kwemboni yamatshe kanye nokuqina kokuncintisana, amanye amabhizinisi avule insimu entsha yemakethe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imishini, ukufanisa, ukufunwa kwemakethe kanye nokusungulwa komkhiqizo, okungukuthi - amapuleti amancane amatshe kanye namaphaneli e-aluminium honeycomb. . 1. Amashidi Amashidi amatshe ahlukaniswe abe amashidi egwadle kanye namapulasitiki.

Imakethe yamashidi egwadle yathuthukiswa iminyaka eminingana futhi manje isivuthiwe, kuyilapho imakethe yamaphepha epulasitiki isanda kumila emakethe kazwelonke. Nakuba imakethe ye-plastic sheet emhlabeni ingcono kunemakethe yasekhaya, ayikangeni esigabeni sokukhula. Ukukhiqizwa kwamashidi epulasitiki ezweni kusakazwa ezindaweni ezincane zezifundazwe eziningana.Ngenxa yezinkinga zezinsiza, izinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela kule ndawo ezicutshungulwayo, futhi umthamo wokuthengisa nawo ulinganiselwe kakhulu.

I-Fujian iyisikhungo sokusabalalisa amatshe ezweni Amakhulukhulu amapulasitiki adumile nasezingeni eliphezulu avela emhlabeni wonke athengiswa ngama-slabs amakhulu namabhulokhi lapha, ahlinzeka ngengcebo yolwazi oluhlukahlukene kubakhiqizi bensimbi. Kuze kube manje, kunamabhizinisi angu-30 kuphela akhiqiza amaphepha epulasitiki eFujian, amancane kakhulu kunalawo akhiqiza ezinye izinhlobo. a Inqubo yokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe kanye nokwenza ngcono inqubo. Ngenxa yethonya lemishini eyimishini, izinto ezisizayo, nezakhiwo zamatshe (ezintekenteke futhi kulula ukuphuka), amashidi epulasitiki angakhiqiza kuphela amashidi amancane amancane (8mm-12mm) anosayizi omncane, njengalokhu: 305x305mm, 400x400mm, 457x457mm, nokuningi. kuno-600x600mm. Ayikho inkampani engakhiqiza ngobuningi.

Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwephepha lepulasitiki ikakhulukazi ezindaweni noma imindeni enekamelo elilodwa elincane, futhi kunesidingo esikhulu ezimakethe zangaphandle. 2. Amaphaneli e-Aluminium honeycomb Amapulastiki kancane kancane athandwa yimboni yokuhlobisa kanye namakhasimende ngenxa yezinto zawo zemvelo nemibala ehlala ishintsha kanye nendlela yokwenza. Cishe kunezinkulungwane zabakhiqizi bepulasitiki ezweni.

Ukuthatha ingxenye encane yemakethe yamatshe, kungabonakala ukuthi ukuncintisana kwayo kunamandla kakhulu. Esimweni esinjalo lapho imakethe iphoqa abakhiqizi ukuthi benze konke okusemandleni ukunciphisa izindleko, ngaphezu kokusebenza kanzima ekuphatheni, imishini yemishini kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula kuyafana, ngakho-ke ubuchwepheshe obusha kanye nomkhiqizo omusha ekucabangeni okufihliwe kwazalwa. Yonga izindleko ezinsizeni, kusukela ku-1m2 kuya ku-3m2 noma ngisho ku-4m2.

Inhlanganisela namanye amapuleti wezinto ezibonakalayo, ayithuthukisi nje kuphela izici zokusebenza zepulasitiki, kodwa futhi ayilahlekelwa umbala wemvelo nezinto zepulasitiki. Lona umkhiqizo omusha wepulasitiki - iphaneli ye-honeycomb yepulasitiki ye-aluminium. (1) Ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kwephaneli yekhekheba lezinyosi le-aluminium yepulasitiki 1. Isisindo esilula: Iphaneli ye-aluminium encane kakhulu ye-aluminium yoju ingaba ubukhulu obungu-5mm kuphela (inhlanganisela nephaneli ye-aluminium-plastic).

Amathayili ahlanganisiwe asetshenziswa ngokuvamile acishe abe ngu-12mm ubukhulu, okusindisa izindleko eziningi zokuhamba, futhi kuyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu uma kunomkhawulo womthwalo esakhiweni. 2. Amandla angeziwe: Ngemva kokuba ipulasitiki ihlanganiswe namathayili e-ceramic, igwalagwala, amaphaneli oju lwe-aluminium-aluminium, njll., amandla ayo okugoba, okugoba, nawokugunda athuthukiswa kakhulu, okunciphisa kakhulu izinga lomonakalo ngesikhathi sokuthutha, ukufakwa, nokusebenzisa. . 3. Ikhono elithuthukisiwe lokulwa nokungcola: Phakathi nenqubo yokufaka noma ukusetshenziswa kamuva kwamabhodi avamile epulasitiki (amabhodi wonke omzimba), uma usimende unamathisiwe, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ngemva kwesigamu sonyaka noma unyaka, ukushintsha kwemibala namabala ahlukahlukene avele phezu kwepulasitiki.Kunzima kakhulu ukususa.

Iphaneli yoju lwe-aluminium igwema lesi simo ngenxa yepuleti layo elingaphansi eliqinile neliminyene kanye nongqimba oluncane lokunamathela. 4. Kulula ukulawula umehluko wombala: ngoba iphaneli ye-aluminium ye-honeycomb yepulasitiki inqunywe ibe yizicucu ezi-3 noma ezi-4 ukusuka ebhodini lokuqala elingu-1m2 (ibhodi lomzimba wonke), liba 3m2 noma 4m2. Iphethini nombala walezi 3 kanye ne-4m2 zicishe zifane ngo-100%, ngakho-ke kulula ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kombala nephethini uma kusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinkulu.

5. Ukufakwa kalula: Ngenxa yezici ezingenhla, ngesikhathi senqubo yokufaka, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isisindo, ubuthakathaka (amandla, njll) noma ukuhlukanisa ukuhlukaniswa kombala, ukusebenza kahle kokufaka nokuphepha kuthuthukiswa kakhulu, futhi izindleko zokufaka nazo ziyancipha. 6. Ukubhodloza indawo enqatshelwe: Izingxenye zokuhlobisa zepulasitiki, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izindonga zangaphakathi nangaphandle, iphansi, amafasitela, amavulandi, iziqongo zetafula, njll., ayikho inkinga ngamabhodi avamile avamile (amabhodi wonke omzimba), ngaphandle kokuthi uphahla lwenziwe ngepulasitiki noma igwadle.Noma iyiphi inkampani yokuhlobisa Akunakwenzeka futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthatha ingozi enjalo. Iphaneli yoju lwe-aluminium eboshwe ngepulasitiki, iphaneli ye-aluminium-plastic kanye nekhekheba lezinyosi le-aluminium ligqekeza endaweni ekhawulelwe yokuhlobisa kwamatshe.

Ngenxa yokuthi ilula kakhulu, isisindo singu-1/5 kuphela kuya ku-1/10 webhodi lonke. Uma ufuna ukuhlobisa uphahla ngamatshe, kufanele kube njalo. 7. Ukuvala umsindo nokuvikela umswakama: Amaphaneli ekhekheba lezinyosi e-aluminium enziwe ngamaphaneli e-aluminium-aluminum kanye namapulasitiki anomsindo, angangenwa umswakama, angakwazi ukumelana nokushisa, futhi angakwazi ukumelana nokubanda ngenxa yamakhekheba oju e-aluminium angenalutho enziwe ngamaheksagoni alinganayo.

Ngakho-ke, lezi zici zidlula kakhulu izici zokusebenza ibhodi lomzimba wonke elingenazo. 8. Ukwehliswa kwezindleko: Ngenxa yokuthi impahla eyinhlanganisela yamatshe izacile futhi ilula, ingxenye yezindleko ilondolozwa kwezokuthutha nokufakwa, futhi ngezinhlobo zamatshe ezibiza kakhulu, intengo yephaneli yekhekheba lezinyosi eqediwe ye-aluminium ngemva kokwenziwa iphaneli yoju lwe-aluminium. iphakeme kunaleyo yephaneli yokuqala ngamadigri ahlukahlukene. izindleko eziphansi. 9. Ukwehliswa kwezindleko: Ngenxa yokuthi iphaneli yekhekheba lezinyosi ye-aluminium yamatshe izacile futhi ilula, yonga ingxenye yezindleko zokuthutha nokufaka, kanye nezinhlobo zamatshe ezibiza kakhulu, iphaneli yekhekheba lezinyosi ye-aluminium eqediwe ngemva kokwenziwa iphaneli yoju lwe-aluminium ihlukile iphaneli yokuqala kuya kumazinga ahlukahlukene. Intengo yizindleko eziphansi.

10. Izinsiza zokulondoloza kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo: Iphaneli ye-aluminium yepulasitiki yezinyosi iwukusika ibhodi langempela letshe elikhulu eliwugqinsi libe yizicucu ezi-3, ukuze indawo yalelo bhulokhi yenziwe ibe nkulu ngokuphindwe kathathu kunebhodi lokuqala. Ngakho-ke, izinsiza zezimayini zisetshenziswa ngokugcwele, futhi ukungcola okubangelwa inqubo yokukhiqiza nakho kuyancishiswa, okuzuzisa kakhulu ekuvikelweni kwemvelo. (2) Inqubo yokukhiqiza iphaneli yekhekheba lezinyosi ze-aluminium Inqubo yokukhiqiza ibhodi loqobo lepulasitiki elivamile (ibhodi lomzimba wonke) lilula uma ukucubungula kuqalwa nge-block material, inqubo imi kanje: block material → ukusika nokusika → ukuchibiyela glue → ukupholisha okuzenzakalelayo → Nquma (umkhiqizo oqediwe).

Inqubo yokukhiqiza amaphaneli e-aluminium yezinyosi iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngokulandelayo: (njengokuqala ukucubungula amabhlogo) njengesibonelo: ibhulokhi → i-bona-saw cut enkulu (i-circular saw cut enkulu) → isichibi → ukusika onqenqemeni (umkhiqizo oyinhloko) → ukunquma ukujiya → Ukomisa→ibhodi lokunamathisela→ukusika→ukumiswa kokuqina→ukoma→ibhodi lokunamathisela→ukusika→ukuhlelwa kokuqina→ukuxubha kweglue ebusweni→ukoma→umshini wokugaya ngesandla (ukugaya okuzenzakalelayo)→ukunquma onqenqemeni→ukuchama→ukoma→ukulungisa→Ukupakishwa komkhiqizo). Uma i-base plate ethengiwe ingekho ezingeni, i-base plate idinga ukucutshungulwa kabusha, ngokuvamile kunqunywa→ukumiswa kokuqina→ukomiswa. Uma ungaqali ngamabhulokhi, kodwa uthenge ngokuqondile ama-slabs ezimbonini ezinkulu zama-slab.

Ukusika amabhulokhi ekuqaleni kwesigaba samabhodi akuvunyelwe, kodwa enye inqubo iyengezwa (ukusikwa kwenziwa efektri enkulu yamabhodi) kanye nokushaywa kwendawo (okwenza indawo ebushelelezi ibe indawo emagebhugebhu). Kule nqubo yezobuchwepheshe, kunezidingo eziningi zobuchwepheshe nezekhwalithi ezicishe zihluke ngokuphelele kulezo zenqubo yokukhiqiza i-slab futhi izidingo ezijwayelekile ziphakeme, ngaphandle kwalokho kunzima ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo efanelekayo. (3) Ukusetshenziswa kwamaphaneli ekhekheba lezinyosi e-aluminium Izici zokusebenza zamaphaneli epulasitiki e-aluminium yekhekhe lezinyosi zihluke kakhulu ngenxa yamapuleti awo angaphansi ayinhlanganisela ahlukene.

Ngokwezidingo ezihlukene zokusetshenziswa nezingxenye zokusebenzisa, amaphaneli e-aluminium honeycomb anamapuleti aphansi ahlukene azosetshenziswa. 1. Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki, i-ceramic tile, granite, ne-calcium silicate board ebhodini elingaphansi: Ibhodi le-aluminium yekhekheba lezinyosi lepulasitiki elihlanganiswe nalezi zinhlobo zamabhodi angaphansi licishe lifane nebhodi lomzimba wonke. Uma isakhiwo sinemikhawulo ekhethekile yokuthwala imithwalo, lezi zinhlobo zamapaneli wezinyosi ze-aluminium zizoba usizo kakhulu, hhayi nje ukukhanya kwesisindo, kodwa futhi kuthuthukiswe kakhulu emandleni.

2. Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwephaneli ye-aluminium-plastic phansi Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuncane kakhulu futhi okukhanyayo, kufanelekile ukuhlobisa udonga nophahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idinga ukunamathiselwa nge-glue ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa, futhi ezinye izinto zamatshe azinakushintshwa lapho zihlobisa uphahla. 3. Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwephaneli ye-aluminium yangaphambili yepuleti elingaphansi Izici ezikhethekile zephaneli yekhekheba lezinyosi ze-aluminium-aluminium ziyenza ifaneleke kakhulu ukulengiswa okomile kodonga lwangaphandle kanye nodonga lwangaphakathi. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ngezinga elikhulu. kanye nezakhiwo ezisezingeni eliphezulu, njengezikhumulo zezindiza namahholo emibukiso. , amahhotela ezinkanyezi ezinhlanu, njll.

Ngasikhathi sinye, ingenziwa futhi ibe ngama-countertops, amatafula okudlela kanye namakhabethe ekhishi, njll., futhi ingenziwa futhi ibe ngamaphaneli oju we-aluminium odwa kanye ne-cylindrical. Ukusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kuyathandeka ekukhethweni kodonga olulengayo olomile. 4. I-aluminium yepulasitiki yepuleti elingaphansi Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwamaphaneli wekhekheba lezinyosi kungenxa yamandla ayo okugoba abuthaka kanye namandla acindezelayo aphezulu, futhi ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kokukhanya okuphezulu, ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa odongeni, okungafakwa. ngokulenga okomile noma kunamathiselwe ngeglue elikhethekile, elifaneleka kakhulu Ukuze lisetshenziswe ezindongeni zangaphakathi, imikhumbi nama-yachts. 5. Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwengilazi esetshenziselwa ipuleti eliphansi Ukusebenza kwezinto zepulasitiki zemvelo, ngoba ezinye zazo zinokudluliswa kokukhanya okuhle kakhulu, futhi inhlanganisela yala mapulasitiki nengilazi ingafinyelela umphumela wokuhlobisa odlulisa ukukhanya. Ngokuvamile , izindlela zokulenga okomile kanye ne-inlay zisetshenziselwa ukufakwa.Imibala ehlukene yezibani ezinemibala ingabuye ifakwe ngaphakathi, futhi ngomculo, izoveza umphumela ofana nephupho. Ngokuzayo, ingasetshenziswa futhi kumatafula ekhofi namadeskithophu efenisha.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingafakwa ngezinto ezithile ezikhanyayo, futhi isengakwazi ukukhanyisa ukukhanya okukhazimulayo okukhazimulayo lapho izibani zicishiwe. 6. Uhla lwezicelo lwamabhodi okhuni ahlanganisiwe amabhodi angaphansi Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamapulangwe ahlanganisiwe.Amabhodi okhuni ahlukene akhethwa njengamabhodi angaphansi, futhi ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo yawo kuhlukile.Angasetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa udonga kanye nefenisha ehlukahlukene. (4) Ukuhlaziywa kwentengo yeyunithi yamaphaneli e-aluminium enoju Ukwakheka kwezindleko zamaphaneli oju lwe-aluminium kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunaleyo yamaphaneli omzimba wonke.

Ngenxa yokuthi ingahlanganiswa ibe ngu-3m2 isuka ku-1m2, ingonga izindleko ezengeziwe kumpahla yephaneli, kodwa izindleko zokucubungula zezinto eziphansi zepuleti, iglue nezinye izinqubo zokucubungula ziphakeme kunaleyo yephaneli yomzimba wonke, ngakho-ke inani leyunithi ipulasitiki yephaneli idlala indima yekhekheba lezinyosi ze-aluminium.Isici esibalulekile ezindlekweni zebhodi. Ngokuvamile, iphansi lenziwe ngamathayili e-ceramic, futhi ukuphakama kwentengo yebhodi lomzimba wonke lepulasitiki le-granite, likhulu igebe phakathi kwentengo yeyunithi yebhodi lezinyosi ze-aluminium ezenziwe ngayo. Intengo yeyunithi yebhodi lepulasitiki icishe ibe ngu-200-300 yuan/m2, futhi intengo yeyunithi yebhodi lezinyosi ze-aluminium eyenziwe ngayo icishe ilingane nebhodi elikhulu, kodwa liseshibhile kunentengo yeyunithi yezinga elijwayelekile. ibhodi.

Kodwa-ke, intengo yeyunithi ye-plastic slab ingaphansi kuka-200 yuan/m2, futhi intengo yeyunithi yephaneli yoju lwe-aluminium eyenziwe ingaphezulu kancane kunentengo yeyunithi yepuleti lokuqala, ngoba kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyini inani leyunithi ye-plastic slab. ukuthi, izindleko zokwenza iphaneli yezinyosi ze-aluminium ngokuyisisekelo zilungisiwe, ngakho-ke kuyoba Isimo esingenhla lapho inani leyunithi lishintsha kakhulu. Akukhona ukuthi intengo yeyunithi yezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene zamaphaneli e-aluminium honeycomb epulasitiki ilungiswa ngamaphesenti ambalwa aphansi kunalawo amaphaneli omzimba wonke. Uma ipuleti eliphansi lenziwe ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme, njengepuleti le-aluminium-plastic, ipuleti le-honeycomb ye-aluminium-aluminium, ingilazi, ingilazi ye-fiber mesh (indwangu), ipuleti elengezwe ngekhabhoni nezinye izinto.

Enye ukuthi intengo yeyunithi yezinto zayo iphakeme; enye ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bayo bokucutshungulwa buhlukile kobamathayela aphansi kanye negwadle, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu futhi kudinga izidingo zobuchwepheshe eziphakeme, ngakho intengo yeyunithi yalolu hlobo lwekhekheba lezinyosi ze-aluminium. Iphaneli icishe ibe phezulu kunaleyo yephaneli yomzimba wonke ephezulu. (5) Imakethe eqondiwe yamaphaneli ekhekheba lezinyosi ze-aluminium Ubuchwepheshe bamaphaneli epulasitiki e-aluminium enoju bazalelwa eSpain. Ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe eChina lwango-1997. Ngokukhula okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe nemishini, imakethe ihluma kancane kancane.

Imakethe yokuthengisa yamaphaneli e-aluminium honeycomb okwamanje igxile kakhulu emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. Amazwe angaphandle anolwazi oluphakeme nokwamukelwa kwamaphaneli e-aluminium epulasitiki yezinyosi kunasekhaya, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwamanje kwamanye amazwe kukhulu kakhulu kunasekhaya. Igxile kakhulu emazweni amaningana aseNtshonalanga Yurophu (njengala: Spain, Italy, Germany, njll.), United States, Australia, Japan, South Korea.

Ngenxa yamazinga ahlukene okuthuthukiswa komnotho, izitayela zokuhlobisa, namazinga okwakhiwa kwamazwe ahlukahlukene, izinhlobo zamaphaneli oju lwe-aluminium asetshenzisiwe nazo zihlukile. Amazwe amaningana eNtshonalanga Yurophu athanda ukusebenzisa amashidi epulasitiki, izinhlanganisela zepulasitiki nepulasitiki; i-United States ne-Japan zisebenzisa amaphaneli e-aluminium-plastic kanye namaphaneli e-aluminium enoju lwekhekheba lezinyosi; INingizimu Korea isebenzisa kakhulu amaphaneli e-aluminium epulasitiki enziwe nge-granite namathayili e-ceramic. INingizimu Korea inesidingo esikhulu kunazo zonke samaphaneli oju lwe-aluminium phakathi kwalawa mazwe.

Amashidi epulasitiki asetshenziswa kakhulu emazweni angenhla. Bambalwa kakhulu abakhiqizi phakathi nezwe laseShayina. Ukukhuthazwa akunamandla ngokwanele, kangangokuthi abaklami abaningi bokuhlobisa noma abatshalizimali abazi noma bezwa ngemikhiqizo enjalo, ngakho-ke ukuqwashisa kuphansi kakhulu, kungasaphathwa ukuqashelwa, ngakho ivolumu yokuthengisa yasekhaya yamanje incane kakhulu .

(6) Isimo samanje sabakhiqizi bephaneli yoju lwe-aluminium kazwelonke Selokhu kwavela amaphaneli epulasitiki e-aluminium enoju, sekudlule iminyaka eyisithupha noma eyisikhombisa. Ngenxa yokuthi kusekhona ubuchwepheshe kanye nokuhlolwa kwenqubo ekuqaleni, inqubo yokuthuthukiswa nokuthuthukiswa ifinyezwa. Nakuba sekuyiminyaka eyisithupha noma eyisikhombisa, futhi ngenxa yokuvinjelwa kwezobuchwepheshe kwabakhiqizi abanjalo, kuze kube manje, inani labakhiqizi abakhiqiza amapaneli e-plastic aluminium honeycomb liphansi kakhulu kunelabanye abakhiqizi bamatshe, cishe abancane.

1. Isibalo sabakhiqizi bezinyosi zepulasitiki ze-aluminium kuleli zwe: zilinganiselwa ku-100, inani eliphelele elifakiwe lemishini yokusingatha (imishini yokusika) lilinganiselwa ku-800, okuphumayo okucatshangelwayo konyaka kucishe kube yizigidi ezi-5 m2, kanti okwangempela konyaka. umphumela ngo-2005 ulinganiselwa ku-2 million m2. 2. Ukusatshalaliswa kwesifunda: 15 eHubei, 2 noma 3 eBeijing, 3 noma 4 eShanghai, 4 noma 5 eShandong, 20 eGuangdong, futhi ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo eminyakeni emibili edlule, iFujian ifinyelele cishe ku-40. 3. Izakhiwo nezici: Nakuba abakhiqizi abaningi bekhiqiza amaphaneli e-aluminium enziwe ngekhekheba lezinyosi, izinhlobonhlobo azibodwa kakhulu.

Isibonelo, i-Hubei ingakwazi ukukhiqiza kuphela amaphaneli epulasitiki kanye nepulasitiki ye-aluminium yezinyosi, futhi izinhlobo zamaphaneli nazo azishadile kakhulu, ikakhulukazi i-Shaanna beige, kuyilapho abanye abakhiqizi abaningi bekhiqiza kuphela izinhlobo ezimbalwa eziyinhlanganisela. Lokhu kubangelwa ikakhulukazi imikhawulo yezifunda, izinqubo, nobuchwepheshe.Bakhona abambalwa kuphela abakhiqizi abangakhiqiza izinhlobo ezingenhla zamaphaneli ezinyosi ze-aluminium.